In the present telecommunications networks fiber optic needs may be very different, so it is difficult to find reliable suppliers of technology solutions. For this reason it is very useful to know the classification and the range of options on the market of one of the most essential elements for development of telecommunications networks by fiber optics such as optical fiber connectors.
The optical connectors are perhaps one of the most important elements within the range of passive devices required to establish an optical link with the mission, along with the adapter, to allow alignment and repetitive joint venture of two or more optical fibers to each other and in the best possible optical conditions. The adapter is a mechanical device that enables the proper connectors clash of two identical or different type. (Figure 1). The different applications require fiber optic connectors for single mode fiber (SM) or multimode (MM). This will lead to improved splints adapters for smaller or larger diameter, which creates special range of connectors for each application, even within the same models, and specific technologies in each case assembly.
In the design and installation of an information transport system (ITS) optical fiber connectors are one of the key elements for reliable performance, and stuck to standards, which mark stringent specifications for optical performance and mechanical devices that must meet these . (Figure 2). The line of fiber optic connectors gives you an unparalleled range of options, which allow you to develop its facilities and meet the most demanding needs of optical performance marked by the standards mentioned above and many others. The first models of connectors (SMA, Biconic) were replaced by models Standard ST (Straight Tip) for MM and FC (Fiber Connector) for SM fiber. The first connector body and ferrule were of various materials (plastics, polymers, etc..), But the best metal bodied connectors and ceramic ferrule. Subsequently, and to achieve greater density of fibers in the deliverymen, the connector was developed SC (Subscriber Connector or Standard Connector), with plastic body with push-pull mechanism to protect the ceramic ferrule. The adapter attachment takes place by a clip system, and its square profile can be coupled with greater ease.
Taking into account the connectors could be classified into three categories, or common standard connectors, the connectors SFF (Small Form Factor) and multiple fiber connectors. Over time, the connectors have evolved as new technologies and specific applications such as SMA, FDDI, BICONIC, DIN, D4, E2000, ESCON and VF-45. Today in standard or common connectors are identified by the 2.5-mm slab in which are grouped connectors: ST, SC and FC, in the classification of connectors SFF (Small Form Factor) the size of the splint is 1.25 mm in which are included connectors: LC and MU, within the classification of multiple fiber connectors are as follows: MT-RJ, MTP and MPO. The use of SFF connectors on your fiber network can save space and money. However, choosing the type of use can be a challenge. Since fiber networks configured with SFF connectors require less space in closets, and are significantly cheaper. SFF connectors also increases port density in electronic devices (such as network interface cards, switches and hubs), making them less expensive and increase the likelihood of new applications. SFF connectors are also carefully designed for quick field termination. However, most sets require special tools to install and specially designed transceivers. (Figure 3). It is important to know the variety of choice in assembling connectors technologies that include the traditional method of epoxy resin, or the use of polyamide-based adhesive. Another important alternative to represent the mechanical mount connectors (crimpeables). The variety of connector types to cover other needs of its most important installing fiber optic systems. (Figure 4). The fiber optic connectors for line-based polyamide are unique within the adhesive connectors, these connectors are included within the body a polyamide based adhesive high-performance but is not aggressive with the fiber and connector ferrule, providing substantially the preparation process of the connector and contributing to a better optical performance of the product. Having already completed within the adhesive connector significantly reduces the cost and preparation time have a positive effect on costs and timing of a project. The polishing of splints The finish of the optical connectors splints was made using different technologies of grinding, commonly known as "termination". (Figure 5). The first connectors are not fastened to the splint, it could turn into the couplers and provided a space between the edges (air chamber or Air Gap) to prevent marks or damage resulting from these movements. By having ST and FC connectors, the connector body firmly supported the splints, we proceed to connectorized fiber and have a PC-style finish (Physical Contact) to minimize attenuation, usually grinding for GM and spherical SM. Appearing on the market highly sensitive systems to the reflection signal (CATV or high-speed telecom systems), and in order to maximize the return loss, are improved over systems, developing the technology UPC (losses return> 55 dB) by improving systems completed in type APC (> 65 dB) that is to give the ball end of the stick of an angle of 8 º to divert the coating all those thoughts that do not match the main mode. Types of connectors ST ST connectors were created in the '80s by AT & T and derives from the English "Straight Tip", are designed for aligning bayonet connector adapter easily. Its mechanism of coupling type "Push and Turn" ensures that the connector does not have slides and disconnections. The connector body holds the ferrule, providing better alignment and prevents rotational movements. The ST connector was the most popular local area networks (LAN) for its good value for money. SC SC connectors, have a versatile design that aligns the connector to the adapter easily. Its mechanism of coupling type "Push Pull" assures the adapter easily. The connector body holds the ferrule, providing better alignment and preventing movement. The SC connector is the most popular in both LAN and transportation networks: telephony operators, CATV. FC FC connectors were created in the '80s by NTT by name in English "Fiber Connection, have a versatile design that allows secure screw-type and align the connector firmly into the adapter. Its screw-type coupling mechanism ensures that the connector does not have slides or disconnections. The connector body holds the ferrule, providing better alignment and preventing movement. The parts of the connectors are: splint (cylinder surrounding the fiber by way of PIN), body (base of the connector), crimp eyelet (the fiber that holds the connector), Boot (the handle of the connector ). LC Developed in 1997 by Lucent Technologies, LC connectors have a similar appearance to a small SC, with the size of a RJ 45 and come in simplex or duplex format, differing externally-type SM MM type of a code colors. The LC connector is a high density SFF designed for use in all types of environments: LAN, telephone operators, CATV. MU The MU connector has a locking device Push Pull type when it is pushed in or pulled out. This design prevents rotational de-alignment. The connector features a pre-mounted body and a precision molded plastic cover and a free floating slab measuring 1.25 mm in diameter, held with a spring pressure. The parts of the connectors are: splint (cylinder surrounding the fiber by way of PIN), body (base of the connector), crimp eyelet (the fiber that holds the connector), Boot (the handle of the connector ). MTRJ MT-RJ connector has a mechanism is of type Push Pull when it is pushed in or pulled out. This design prevents rotational de-alignment. In MT-RJ connector uses two fibers within a splint, splints are manufactured in processes of high precision mold. MTRJ connectors are versatile because a single connector can be connectorized two fibers together. The connectors are easily aligned and secured in the adapter to avoid disconnections. MTP The MTP connector saves space by providing at least twelve possible connections with a single slab, replacing up to twelve fiber optic connectors. MTP connectors provide an intuitive push-pull, locking mechanism for easy insertion. Most uses are for higher throughputs than standard fiber technology can not handle. They offer a safe way to complete several fibers in a compact design.
The fiber optic connectors for line-based polyamide are unique within the adhesive connectors, these connectors are included within the body a polyamide based adhesive high-performance but is not aggressive with the fiber and connector ferrule, providing substantially the preparation process of the connector and contributing to a better optical performance of the product. Having already completed within the adhesive connector significantly reduces the cost and preparation time have a positive effect on costs and timing of a project. The polishing of splints The finish of the optical connectors splints was made using different technologies of grinding, commonly known as "termination". (Figure 5). The first connectors are not fastened to the splint, it could turn into the couplers and provided a space between the edges (air chamber or Air Gap) to prevent marks or damage resulting from these movements. By having ST and FC connectors, the connector body firmly supported the splints, we proceed to connectorized fiber and have a PC-style finish (Physical Contact) to minimize attenuation, usually grinding for GM and spherical SM. Appearing on the market highly sensitive systems to the reflection signal (CATV or high-speed telecom systems), and in order to maximize the return loss, are improved over systems, developing the technology UPC (losses return> 55 dB) by improving systems completed in type APC (> 65 dB) that is to give the ball end of the stick of an angle of 8 º to divert the coating all those thoughts that do not match the main mode. Types of connectors ST ST connectors were created in the '80s by AT & T and derives from the English "Straight Tip", are designed for aligning bayonet connector adapter easily. Its mechanism of coupling type "Push and Turn" ensures that the connector does not have slides and disconnections. The connector body holds the ferrule, providing better alignment and prevents rotational movements. The ST connector was the most popular local area networks (LAN) for its good value for money. SC
In the present telecommunications networks fiber optic needs may be very different, so it is difficult to find reliable suppliers of technology solutions. For this reason it is very useful to know the classification and the range of options on the market of one of the most essential elements for development of telecommunications networks by fiber optics such as optical fiber connectors.
