PROFINET is experiencing a dramatic increase in the number of nodes installed as it continues growing confidence in their systems compatible with existing field bus. Eric Gory, responsible for industrial communications products for the European market at Molex, analyzes the current integration of PROFINET in the industrial automation environment.
Factory Automation has a long history in regard to communications, 20 years ago, the only requirement fieldbus was to transfer data reliably and accurately control process devices. Over the years, the requirements would harden with the increasing number of layers in the process, and some field buses were unable to meet these requirements. Leading companies in the development of PROFIBUS, which include Molex, have ensured that the standard advance in accordance with progress. With its brand of automation Brad ®, Molex has developed a wide range of solutions for PROFIBUS, including electrical cords, plugs, connectors coupling field module E / S, PC and PLC interfaces, gateways, diagnostic tools and simulation software. PROFIBUS is still the predominant fieldbus in the world and, according to industrial communications community, known as IP or PROFIBUS and PROFINET International, there are over 20 million devices installed in plants worldwide. Typical applications in which Molex actively participated so far include messaging, human-machine interfaces (HMI) monitoring, control systems, real-time bridge between networks and devices, physical connections in harsh environments as well as input and communications output. Nowadays, production systems require a network that also aims to exchange data between different processes and machines. This has contributed to the protocols tend to take ideas from other areas, such as telecommunications and networks, ie the migration to TCP / IP. This enables computers, control systems and machines to exchange internally and externally, information within the company. Also eliminates any barriers in the corporate environment, facilitating interaction among a wide range of applications. However, Ethernet, according to the IEEE 802.3 standard is not suitable for horizontal communication required for production because it allows you to block network traffic even in the event that another device has to send an urgent message. Thus was born Industrial Ethernet, a technology focused factories, production, processing and checking, specially designed for the industrial environment. It offers real-time communication and thus ensures that every network-attached device can receive and send data at any time. First marketed in 2005, is not only PROFIBUS PROFINET Ethernet, but offers much more. PROFINET PROFIBUS uses similar concepts but with a more efficient use of bandwidth in the network, following a model of communication between supplier and consumer, rather than the conventional master-slave solution. Additionally, PROFINET offers more nodes (almost unlimited), more data (a frame has a maximum PROFINET I / S of 1440 bytes), more speed (100 Mbit / s full duplex Ethernet) and, by mid-year come, meet the IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless communications. Although some of the other field buses have also benefited from the advantages of Industrial Ethernet, many of these offer only partial compatibility with TCP / IP or, depending on how it applies the network does not fully meet the specifications of TCP / IP . This means that devices such as a PC or laptop can not connect directly to the network. Moreover, PROFINET is fully compatible with TCP / IP, providing an extensive network of industrial automation and I / S real-time integration between entities peer (P2P), motion control, vertical integration across the enterprise, security and reliability functional, in addition to integrating conventional field buses. So far, the available built buses including Profibus, Interbus-S, DeviceNet, serial communications, Modbus, AS-i, HART, PROFIBUS PA, and is due to full integration of FF and CC bonds. This has been achieved using proxy technology, which, by design and specification, is a gateway. It offers connectivity of a PROFINET fieldbus for easy integration of existing solutions or products. With the standard mapping, these devices act as PROFINET devices. Transparent communication ensures that no need any special treatment in the control application. How then, does a proxy? By using, for example, a proxy for PROFIBUS PROFINET Ethernet side, the proxy acts on Ethernet PROFINET device. In this case, the proxy represents all components of PROFIBUS to Ethernet and transfers all data to a slave PROFIBUS PROFINET protocol. PROFIBUS side, the proxy acts on the PROFIBUS DP master cyclically exchanging data between DP master and slave. PROFINET design is based on a modular structure. Thus, the very integrators, machine builders from single to automation engineers working in a full production facility, they can select the functions of a cascade. With PROFINET, there are two solutions: PROFINET IO and PROFINET CBA. PROFINET CBA is suitable for component-based communication via TCP / IP and real-time communication in the case of modular systems engineering is required. Both communication options can be used in parallel to achieve true integration P2P. Additionally, PROFINET IO has been developed for real time communication (RT) and isochronous real-time (IRT) with the decentralized periphery. Both as PROFINET CBA PROFINET IO can communicate at the same time and in the same bus system. They also can operate separately or in combination, so a PROFINET IO subsystem appears as a PROFINET CBA from the viewpoint of the system. Since the birth of PROFIBUS in 1989, Molex is and remains an active member of the organization today PROFIBUS IP or PROFIBUS and PROFINET International. The company also strongly promotes the use of PROFINET and actively participates in several working groups, including PROFINET IO nucleus. Among the products already developed by Molex are kits (batteries) and device drivers for input and output cords, plugs, connectors coupling field module E / S, Ethernet switches, PCI and PCI Express interfaces, proxies and gateways. As PROFINET Competence Center certified testing laboratory and training center for Europe with offices in Italy and France, Molex demonstrator uses a PROFINET and offers products, seminars and workshops and technical assistance. PROFINET is particularly apt when used equipment from various manufacturers such as Siemens, Allen-Bradley, Omron and Mitsubishi, as it uses different control platforms and numerous field buses such as PROFINET, PROFIBUS, DeviceNet, etc. As such, the demonstration wall explains how this is done using PROFINET RT and appropriate proxies. For motion control, which require speed and at the same time, precise timing device I / S, PROFINET IRT is recommended. The concept of real-time Ethernet in isochronous mode is relatively easy to understand: it is based on a schedule of the communication system that includes a precise synchronization of cycles and separate time domains for processes with and without real-time requirement. To summarize: there are the channel TCP / IP open standards for data, the RT channel for the transfer of high-performance data and signals cyclical event-driven, and the IRT channel for the transfer of high-performance data isochronous mode, minimizing the fluctuation to a value less than 1 microseconds. The advantages of this topology motion control devices consist of standard Ethernet can connect to the network at any point because the real time domain is not closed. To do this, use an improved model Ethernet controller that integrates real-time standard for IEEE 1588 clock synchronizer. Security, before a cost factor, has become a strategy to improve productivity and reduce downtime. For this reason, it has been incorporated in the PROFINET solution module called PROFIsafe functional safety. This module covers parts of communications systems susceptible to security, such as addressing, timers monitoring, sequencing, signature, etc.. To ensure the protection of workers and capital equipment against hazards caused by defects in production and machinery. With 20 years experience in the automation sector, Molex is well positioned to offer a full technical support throughout the integration project since implementing PROFINET PROFINET stack and tools, to sunset PROFINET systems in service with the appropriate certification tests, including the deployment of hardware and firmware. In the transition from PROFIBUS to PROFINET the benefits gained from the extensive know-how and long experience of Molex engineers are very useful.
However, Ethernet, according to the IEEE 802.3 standard is not suitable for horizontal communication required for production because it allows you to block network traffic even in the event that another device has to send an urgent message. Thus was born Industrial Ethernet, a technology focused factories, production, processing and checking, specially designed for the industrial environment. It offers real-time communication and thus ensures that every network-attached device can receive and send data at any time. First marketed in 2005, is not only PROFIBUS PROFINET Ethernet, but offers much more. PROFINET PROFIBUS uses similar concepts but with a more efficient use of bandwidth in the network, following a model of communication between supplier and consumer, rather than the conventional master-slave solution. Additionally, PROFINET offers more nodes (almost unlimited), more data (a frame has a maximum PROFINET I / S of 1440 bytes), more speed (100 Mbit / s full duplex Ethernet) and, by mid-year come, meet the IEEE 802.11 standard for wireless communications. Although some of the other field buses have also benefited from the advantages of Industrial Ethernet, many of these offer only partial compatibility with TCP / IP or, depending on how it applies the network does not fully meet the specifications of TCP / IP . This means that devices such as a PC or laptop can not connect directly to the network. Moreover, PROFINET is fully compatible with TCP / IP, providing an extensive network of industrial automation and I / S real-time integration between entities peer (P2P), motion control, vertical integration across the enterprise, security and reliability functional, in addition to integrating conventional field buses. So far, the available built buses including Profibus, Interbus-S, DeviceNet, serial communications, Modbus, AS-i, HART, PROFIBUS PA, and is due to full integration of FF and CC bonds. This has been achieved using proxy technology, which, by design and specification, is a gateway. It offers connectivity of a PROFINET fieldbus for easy integration of existing solutions or products. With the standard mapping, these devices act as PROFINET devices. Transparent communication ensures that no need any special treatment in the control application.
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