The increasing workloads of artificial intelligence and machine learning are accelerating the evolution of data center networks toward ever-higher transmission speeds. This trend presents new challenges in accurately characterizing electro-optical (EO) and optoelectronic (OE) components, such as modulators and photodetectors, at very high frequencies.
The N4378A is designed to integrate with Keysight's PNA-X vector network analyzer and its frequency extenders. This combination creates a scalable platform capable of performing broadband measurements in a single sweep up to 220 GHz and working with wavelengths of 1310 and 1550 nm.
Broadband characterization in a single sweep
One of the key features of the N4378A is its ability to perform characterization up to 220 GHz in a single scan. This allows engineers to analyze in greater detail the behavior of components such as photodetectors and optical modulators intended for next-generation communication interfaces.
The instrument also provides coverage for different areas of optical communications. It is compatible with O-band data center interconnections and with terrestrial and submarine applications operating in the C and L bands, allowing these scenarios to be addressed from a single measurement platform.
Another of its features is the differential measurement capability to validate next-generation dual-drive optical modulators.
Keysight has complemented the hardware with software designed to simplify test setup and results analysis. The user support and analytics features aim to facilitate performance validation, reduce risks during the design phases, and accelerate the development of new devices.
0.5 mm coaxial ecosystem
To achieve these frequencies, the N4378A integrates into an ecosystem of 0.5 mm coaxial connections. The company has collaborated with various industry partners specializing in RF probes, coaxial adapters, and test leads to provide a complete measurement solution.
The system also incorporates a quick-release mechanism designed to protect the sensitive 0.5 mm coaxial connections and facilitate repositioning the device between calibration and measurement phases.
According to Dr. Joachim Peerlings, Vice President of Network and Data Center Solutions at Keysight, the combination of optical bandwidth, wavelength coverage, and the 0.5 mm coaxial ecosystem will allow engineers to compare simulations with measurements taken on physical devices and advance the validation of components for next-generation optical transceivers.
New testing needs for data centers and AI
The evolution of artificial intelligence and cloud architectures is increasing both the bandwidth and complexity of interconnections within data centers. This scenario necessitates expanding the capabilities of the instruments used during the design and validation of photonic components.
With a measurement frequency of up to 220 GHz and compatibility with different optical windows, the N4378A is geared towards the research, characterization and validation of components that will form part of future generations of high-speed optical interconnects.
